Objective of the course: To familiarise students with the basic elements of reaction engineering and catalysis necessary for the optimal solution of technological problems.
Executive programme of the course:
1. Introduction to chemical reaction engineering. What is KRI and what does it do? Reactor classification and overall mass and heat balances.
2. Reactor models of basic ideal reactors. The concept of an ideal reactor. Batch reactor, continuous stirred-tank reactor, tubular reactor.
3. Rate of chemical reactions. Basic terms and quantities. Kinetics of reactions in homogeneous systems.
4. Introduction to catalysis: what is catalysis and what does it do? The importance of catalysis for the national economy. Classification of catalytic reactions. Catalyst characteristics: activity, selectivity and stability.
5. Homogeneous catalysis: acid?base catalysis, catalysis with transition metal ions ? activity, selectivity and catalyst deactivation. Kinetics and mechanisms of homogeneous catalytic reactions.
6. Heterogeneous catalysis: adsorption phenomena; criteria for distinguishing physical adsorption from chemisorption. Heat of adsorption. Adsorption isotherms. Theory of heterogeneous catalysis.
7. Kinetics and mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Postulation of reaction mechanisms and choice of kinetic model. Effect of temperature on the reaction rate in a heterogeneous system: apparent and true activation energy.
8. Overall rate of heterogeneous catalytic reactions: reaction regions and the concept of the slowest step. Interphase and intraphase mass transfer. Types of diffusion.
9. Intraphase effectiveness factor ? experimental determination and theoretical calculation. Thermal effects during the process: temperature gradient across the fluid film surrounding the particle, temperature gradient within the catalyst particle. Resistance to surface reaction.
10. Kinetic analysis and experimental methods. Selection of the experimental reactor. Selection of the kinetic model and parameter estimation. Integral and differential methods of analysis.
11. Catalyst composition and design ? chemical composition: support, promoter, catalytically active substance. Role and significance of the active catalyst component. Approaches to catalyst design, selection of catalyst components, modern methods for developing new catalytic systems.
12. Catalyst activity, selectivity and deactivation. Experimental methods for determining catalytic properties. Experimental reactors. Criteria for assessing the influence of mass and heat transfer on the overall reaction rate: interphase, intraphase and reactor gradients.
13. Catalyst deactivation ? types of deactivation, deactivation kinetics and mechanisms, modes of action of poisons on the catalyst surface, influence of diffusion on the deactivation rate. Prevention of deactivation and catalyst regeneration.
14. Models of real tubular reactors. Axial dispersion model and laminar flow model.
Course prerequisites: Passed courses: all first-year courses, Material and Energy Balances, Mass and Energy Transfer, Physical Chemistry
Prerequisites for taking the exam: ?
Development of general and specific student competencies:
Upon completion of the lectures and the exam, the student will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to solve basic problems in the fields of reaction engineering and catalysis. They will possess the necessary knowledge to monitor and operate basic types of reactors in industrial processes and to understand methods for the preparation and application of various types of catalysts.
Student obligations and fulfilment methods: Students are required to attend lectures and seminars.
Teaching methods: Classroom lectures and laboratory exercises, consultations as needed.
Assessment and examination methods: Mid-term exams during the semester, written exam, oral exam.
Course quality and performance monitoring: Student survey.
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