COURSE OBJECTIVE:
To become acquainted with the importance of the organic chemical industry and numerous products vital to the modern economy, and the constant need for development and change. To summarize the fundamentals of chemical engineering processes. Acquire knowledge of the basic processes of the organic chemical industry (sulfonation and sulfation, nitration, reduction, oxidation, alkylation, hydrolysis, halogenation). This includes understanding of process flow diagrams and process conditions, reaction mechanisms, kinetics, thermodynamics, and examples of process improvements for better selectivity and environmental compatibility.
COURSE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM:
1. Introductory lecture, characteristics and role of organic chemical industry. Overview of important intermediates and products.
2. Overview of the variety of organic chemical industry products (organic dyes, coatings, graphic paints, soaps, detergents, cosmetics, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, synthetic resins, rubber, plastics, explosives).
3. Summary of the fundamentals of chemical engineering processes. Elementary process steps, introduction of reactants into reaction zone, chemical reactions and separation of products from reaction zone. Overall process rate; kinetic and diffusion controlled processes. Chemical equilibrium and product yield.
4. Raw materials of the organic chemical industry. Basic processes of conversion of raw materials into precursors of organic chemical industry.
5. Sulfonation. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, process kinetics and thermodynamics. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
6. Sulphation. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, process kinetics and thermodynamics. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected major intermediates and products.
7. Nitration. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, process kinetics and thermodynamics. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected major intermediates and products.
8. Reduction. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, process kinetics and thermodynamics. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected major intermediates and products.
9. Oxidation. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, process kinetics and thermodynamics. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
10. Alkylation I. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, kinetics and thermodynamics of Friedel-Crafts alkylation process. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
11. Alkylation II. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, kinetics and thermodynamics of esterification and esterification processes. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
12. Halogenation I. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, kinetics and thermodynamics of processes. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
13. Halogenation II. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, kinetics and thermodynamics of processes. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
14. Hydrolysis. Mechanism, reagents, process parameters, kinetics and thermodynamics of processes. Examples of production flow diagrams of selected important intermediates and products.
15. Basic concepts of green chemistry and their application in organic chemical industry. Examples of improvement in basic processes of organic chemical industry for better selectivity and environmental friendliness.
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS:
Engineering knowledge of basic processes of organic chemical industry, problems and need for development of alternative, new and more environment friendly technologies. Knowledge of intermediates and products important for modern economy.
STUDENTS' TEACHING OBLIGATIONS AND ATTENDANCE:
Attendance of lectures and tutorials, participation in debates.
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING SIGNATURE OF COURSE ATTENDANCE:
Attendance at lectures and completed exercises.
TEACHING METHODS:
Lectures and exercises
METHOD OF KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION:
Two partial examinations,
Written exam,
Oral exam in certain cases.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE COURSE:
Student survey.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Generalize the properties of intermediates and products of organic chemical industry.
2. Reason the choice of reactants and process conditions for the basic processes of organic chemical industry (sulfonation, nitration, alkylation, reduction, oxidation, halogenation and hydrolysis) based on knowledge of organic chemistry, chemical reaction engineering and engineering thermodynamics
3. Sketch flow diagrams of the basic processes of organic chemical industry
4. Compare the industrial production processes of selected important intermediates of organic chemical industry.
5. Evaluate the possibilities of improving the process for better selectivity and environmental compatibility.
LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE PROGRAMME LEVEL:
1. Solve problems scientifically, even if the problem definitions are incomplete or are formulated in an unusual way, thereby providing the spectrum of possible solutions.
2. Solve real chemical engineering problems by scientific approach.
3. Evaluate the application of new and emerging technologies.
4. Classify knowledge from various fields methodically in order to draw systematic conclusions.
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Tehnološki procesi organske industrije, Interna skripta, M. Kovačić,
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Industrial Organic Chemicals, R.C. Wittcoff, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1996.
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Industrial Aromatic Chemistry, H.G. Franck, J.W. Stadelhofer, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1988.
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Tehnološki procesi u organskoj sintezi, P.H. Groggins, Građevinska knjiga, Beograd, 1967.
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Green Engineering, D.T. Allen, D.R. Shonnard, Prentice Hall PTR, New Jersey, 2002.
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Sustainable Industrial Chemistry, F. Cavani, G. Centi, S. Perathoner, F. Trifiro, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2009.
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Chemical Reaction Technology, D. Yu Murzin, De Gruyter, Berlin, 2015.
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