COURSE OBJECTIVE: To acquaint students with the importance of the use of separation techniques and their application in environmental chemistry. Introduce them to the principles of operation of modern instruments and provide the knowledge needed for independent interpretation of analysis results and their synthesis into useful information about the environment.
COURSE PROGRAM:
Week 1: Sampling from the environment. Sampling errors. Sampling planning. Water, soil, sediment and air sampling procedures.
Week 2: Extraction of analytes from liquid samples: Liquid-liquid extraction. Solid phase extraction.
Week 3: Extraction of analytes from liquid samples: Membrane extraction. Microextraction procedures.
Week 4: Extraction of analytes from solid samples: Soxhlet and automated Soxhlet. Ultrasonic extraction. Microwave extraction. Solvent pressure extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. Extraction with superheated water.
Week 5: Extraction of analytes from gaseous samples: Cold retention. Solvent extraction.
Week 6: Capillary electrophoresis. Basic principles. Electrophoretic mobility. Electroosmotic mobility. Joule heating. Injection methods. Instrumentation. Detection. Application.
Week 7: Capillary electrochromatography. Basic principles. Instrumentation. Electrochromatography columns. Application.
Week 8: High performance liquid chromatography. Basic principle and instrumentation. Separation mechanisms. Normal phase, reverse phase chromatography and ion chromatography.
Week 9: Thin layer chromatography. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography.
Week 10: Detection in liquid chromatography. UV/VIS and PDA detection. Refractometry. Fluorimetry. Conductometry. Amperometry. Voltametry.
Week 11: Chromatography under supercritical conditions. Supercritical fluid. Basics of separation. Instrumentation and application.
Week 12: Gas chromatography. Basic principle and instrumentation. Liquid and solid stationary phases. Capillary gas chromatography.
Week 13: Detection in gas chromatography. Flame ionization detector. Thermal conductivity detector. Electron capture detector. Application of gas chromatography.
Week 14: Two-dimensional separation. Separation cutting techniques. Instrumentation. Application in liquid and gas chromatography.
Week 15: Mass spectrometry. Related techniques.
PREREQUISITES FOR COURSE ENROLLMENT
Attended lectures and completed exercises from the courses Analytical Chemistry I, Analytical Chemistry II and Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, or Analytical Chemistry or Chemical Analysis of Materials.
PREREQUISITES FOR TAKING THE EXAM:
Completed laboratory exercises, passed laboratory exercises test and successfully presented seminar.
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS:
General knowledge of advanced separation techniques and specific knowledge related to the application of advanced separation techniques in environmental analysis are developed.
STUDENTS OBLIGATIONS:
Regular attendance at classes, lectures and laboratory exercises.
TEACHING METHODS:
Lectures. Laboratory exercises.
METHODS OF KNOWLEDGE ASSESSMENT:
Laboratory exercises test
Seminar
During the semester, students take two tests and, depending on their success, can be exempted from the exam. The exam consists of a written and an oral part.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF COURSES:
Student survey
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Compare separation methods based on theoretical knowledge and skills related to the practical performance of the determination.
2. Argue the connection of basic knowledge with the application in separation techniques.
3. Critically evaluate the role of separation techniques in the chemical analysis of complex samples from the environment and argue their role in environmental protection
4. Evaluate environmental sampling procedures, evaluate analyte extraction procedures from liquid and solid samples.
5. To recommend an appropriate analytical method for a certain problem, to conduct it independently on instruments in the laboratory and to continue learning independently, having a positive attitude about the need to develop professional competencies.
6. Integrate the acquired knowledge and apply it in problem solving and decision making in the analysis of complex samples from the environment.
7. Know and apply the procedures and rules of safe work in the laboratory and the principles of good laboratory practice.
LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE LEVEL OF THE PROGRAM TO WHICH THE COURSE CONTRIBUTES
1. Apply the more complex principles of chemistry built upon the foundations of the Bachelor degree
2. relate essential facts, concepts and chemical principles and theories relating to the advanced chemistry areas
3. integrate knowledge to handle complex ideas
4. objectively evaluate research results for their presentation
5. use advanced laboratory procedures and instrumentation in synthetic and analytical work
6. independently plan experiments while being self-critical in the evaluation of experimental procedures and results
7. organise laboratory work in responsible manner
8. evaluate the limits of accuracy of experimental data to inform the planning of future work
9. show capability to work autonomously with minimal supervision
REQUIRED LITERATURE:
1. Analitika okoliša, M. Kaštelan-Macan, M. Petrović (ur.), HINUS i Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije, Zagreb, 2013.
2. C. Zhang, Fundamentals of Environmental Sampling and Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey 2007.
3. S. C. Molodoveanu, V. David, Sample Preparation in Chromatography, Elsevier, 2002.
4. L.R. Snyder, J.J. Kirkland, J. W. Dolan, Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, 2010.
5. H. M. Mcnair, J. M. Miller, Basic Gas Chromatography, Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, 2009.
6. L. Mondello, A.C. Lewis, K.D. Bartle. Multidimensional Chromatography, Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, 2002.
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1. Analitika okoliša, M. Kaštelan-Macan, M. Petrović (ur.), HINUS i Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije, Zagreb, 2013.
2. C. Zhang, Fundamentals of Environmental Sampling and Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey 2007.
3. S.C. Molodoveanu, V. David, Sample Preparation in Chromatography, Elsevier, 2002.
4. L.R. Snyder, J.J. Kirkland, J. W. Dolan, Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, 2010.
5. H. M. Mcnair, J.M. Miller, Basic Gas Chromatography, Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, 2009.
6. L. Mondello, A.C. Lewis, K.D. Bartle. Multidimensional Chromatography, Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, 2002.,
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