Course objective:
Getting acquainted with properties, methods and processes of refining and using of petroleum and petrochemical products, as well as oil and petrochemical production processes direct connection with product features.
COURSE PROGRAM:
1) week
Introduction. Chemical composition and properties, classification and characterization of crude oil
2) week
Products of primary processing of crude oil (atmospheric and vacuum distillation)
3) week
Products of thermal cracking (visbreaking, coking); Process features and their impact on products
4) week
Products of catalytic cracking; Influence of raw materials, catalysts and process variables on yields and composition
5) week
Products of the alkylation process, catalytic reforming and gasoline isomerization; the correlation between the process type and product characteristics
6) week
Motor gasoline and aviation gasoline, diesel fuel; Application, composition, properties, fuel blending
7) week
Other products of oil refining: liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuels, kerosene, fuel oil, bitumen, coke, lubricating oils, sulfur
8) week
Introduction to petrochemistry: raw materials, processes, products
9) week
Natural gas: Composition and classification, refining processes
10) week
Products based on methane. Chlorinated hydrocarbons
11) week
Synthetic gas. Hydrogen. Ammonia. Synthetic gasoline and diesel fuel
12) week
Production of olefins by steam cracking (pyrrolysis). Ethylene based products: polyethylene, vinyl chloride, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol
13) week
Propylene based products: polypropylene, propylene oxide, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile. Oxosynthesis and products. Products of C4 hydrocarbons. Butadiene
14) week
Aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX). Products of benzene. Products of toluene. Products of xylene
DEVELOPING GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCES OF STUDENTS:
The adoption and application of theoretical knowledge on the main products of oil refining and petrochemical industry, including chemical reactions and technological schemes.
OBLIGATIONS OF STUDENTS IN TEACHING AND THE WAYS OF THEIR EXECUTION:
Mandatory attendance on lectures and exercises.
TEACHING METHOD:
Lectures, laboratory exercises, seminar work
WAY OF THE KNOWLEDGE CHECK AND EXAMINATION:
Continuous verification of knowledge through two colloquia/written and oral exam
QUALITY MONITORING AND COURSE SUCCESS:
Student survey
METHODICAL PREREQUISITES: Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Compare the composition and properties of crude oil and natural gas with petroleum and petrochemical products
2. Evaluate the fundamental features of primary and secondary oil processing processes as well as petrochemical processes
3. Valorize the impact of the parameters of oil processing process and petrochemical processes on the yields and composition of petroleum and petrochemical products
4. Evaluate the role of individual processes from the standpoint of application and ecological requirements by products
5. Draw the schemes of obtaining petroleum and petrochemical products.
PROGRAM LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. integrate scientific principles of materials science and engineering: structure, properties, processing and application of materials
2. relate expert knowledge in materials science and engineering with awareness of its societal, economic and environmental impacts
3. use laboratory equipment and instruments in characterization of materials
4. select suitable methods and equipment in processing, characterization and application of materials, taking into account work safety
5. develop processes of materials processing and quality assessment
6. develop work ethics, personal responsibility and aspiration for further learning
TEACHING UNITS WITH ASSOCIATED LEARNING OUTCOMES AND EVALUATION CRITERIA
Teaching unit
1. In general about oil. Oil processing processes
Learning outcomes
- Correlate the composition and properties of oil
- Define the type of oil
- Describe primary (separation) and secondary (conversion) processes of oil processing, and processing processes of petroleum fractions.
Valuation criteria
- Indicate examples of interdependence of chemical composition and oil properties
- Present procedures for characterization and classification of oil
- Identify basic process parameters for an individual process of primary and / or secondary oil processing and / or refining process.
Teaching unit
2. Petroleum products: liquefied petroleum gas. Motor gasoline. Kerosene. Jet fuel. Diesel fuel. Fuel oil. Petroleum coke. Bitumen. Lubricating Oils. Sulfur.
Learning outcomes
- analyze the impact of parameters of oil processing process on the yields and composition of primary and secondary products (semi-finished oil processing)
- distinguish the role of individual processes from the standpoint of application and ecological requirements towards finished oil processing products
- define the properties of finished products with respect to the number and type of blended components - draw simple schemes of process units for production of petroleum products.
Valuation criteria
- Explain the impacts of raw material, catalyst properties and process conditions on yields and composition of some primary and / or secondary product (semi-finished products)
- correlate the particularities of a certain process with legislative requirements on resulting finished products
- identify the basic properties of the given product in correlation with the number and type of component (semi-finished products) participating in the blending process
- sketch a simple technological scheme of process units for petroleum products processing
Teaching unit
3. Natural gas and C1 hydrocarbons: synthetic gas. Hydrogen. Methanol. Formaldehyde. Ammonia. Urea. Halogenated methane products.
Learning outcomes
- define natural gas with reference to the composition, and to distinguish the natural gas cleaning processes and the principles on which they are based
- compare the purifying methods of synthetic gas
- describe the technological procedures of obtaining product from synthetic gas and their fundamental application
- describe the separation procedures of synthetic gas components and obtaining ammonia and urea, and their fundamental application
- draw simple technological schemes of individual processes
Valuation criteria
- categorize the basic gas components and its division according to their content, and explain the ways of cleaning natural gas
- differentiate the procedures for obtaining synthetic gas with respect to raw material and process conditions
- represent the product production by chemical equations and indicate their application
- differentiate the procedures for separating carbon monoxide and hydrogen; differentiate the processes of getting ammonia and specify application
- sketch simple technological schemes of individual processes
Teaching unit
4. Production of olefins (ethylene, propylene, C4 = hydrocarbons), aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX: benzene, toluene, xylene) and their basic products: VCM, PVC, ethylene oxide, ethylene, acetaldehyde, vinyl acetate, ethanol, PP, propylene oxide, acrylic acid, isopropanol, acrylonitrile, AMK, MTBE, SBR, chloroprene, isoprene, PS, phenol, cyclohexane, caprolactone, polyamide, adipic acid, aniline, MDI, TDI, PU, PET
Learning outcomes
- Define the process conditions of steam cracking, and describe the reactions of the olefin transformation into oxo products
- analyze the processes of allocating aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX) from the mixture and separating them to components (B, T, X), and describe products based on BTX raw material base
Valuation criteria
- indicate the process conditions of steam cracking and the most significant products; identify reactions for olefin based products; wxplain oxosynthesis reactions
- comment the procedures of extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from the mixture; differentiate processes of separation of the aromatic mixture into components; comment the most important products based on these raw materials and means of their production
Required reading
Elvira Vidović: Naftno-petrokemijski proizvodi, lectures
Additional literature
Zvonimir Janović: Naftni i petrokemijski procesi i proizvodi, Hrvatsko društvo za goriva i maziva, Zagreb, 2011., selected chapter
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