1. komponenta

Lecture type	Total
Lectures	45
Laboratory exercises	30
Seminar	15

* Load is given in academic hour (1 academic hour = 45 minutes)

COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Within this course, students acquire the knowledge that enables them to assess and select the optimal thermal separation process based on the phases' physicochemical properties with the application of numerical and graphic methods. They are introduced to the basics of equipment sizing, transfer of results from laboratory to industrial scale with reference to energy savings methods.

COURSE CONTENT:
Week 1
definition of thermal separation process; mechanism of separation; overview of thermal separation processes; concurrent, countercurrent and cross flow; theoretical stage; discontinuous and continuous processes; mass and heat balances; phase equilibria; mass transfer fundamentals; driving force

Week 2
Definition and application of heat exchangers; HE classification; modes of heat transfer; general characteristics of shell and tube HE; HE with simple and complex geometry; plate and spiral HE; fluid stream allocation; thermal analysis of HE; kinetics equation; fouling factors; driving force; HE efficiency; number of transfer units
Numerical exercises: shell and tube HE

Week 3
Extended surface HE; basic design of HE; evaluation of heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop (shell and tube side)

Numerical exercises: evaluation of heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop (shell and tube side)
Laboratory: Plate HE

Week 4
Evaporation: definition and scope; solutions (properties; solubility; enthalpy; latent heat of evaporation); driving force; boiling point elevation; pressure drop; heat transfer coefficient; vacuum operation; mass and heat balances; enthalpy-concentration diagram; kinetic equation; single stage and multistage evaporation; evaporators (equipment and working principle); energy savings methods

Numerical exercises: single stage and multistage evaporation
Laboratory: batch evaporator

Week 5
Crystallization: definition, scope and classification; solution properties (physical and thermal properties of solvent; concentration; solubility; saturation, supersaturation and metastability; experimental methods); crystals (definition, crystal systems; polymorphism; crystal shape; CSD); S-L equilibrium; crystallization (supersaturation; nucleation: definition, klasification and kinetics; crystal growth; mass and heat balances);
Numerical exercises: crystallization

Week 6
Crystallizers, design basis; precipitation (basis); melt crystallization: (basis); desublimation (basis)

Numerical exercises: solving complex examples
Laboratory: cooling batch crystallization

Week 7
Written partial exam: HE, evaporation, crystallization

Week 8
Drying: definition and features, heat transfer modes (convection, conduction, radiation, MW), basic terms; sorption isotherms; psychometric charts (Y-h i Y-T); psychometric and gravimetric methods; mass and heat balances, drying curves, drying periods, dryng rate, moisture movement mechanisms; influence of the external conditions on the drying kinetics; mathematical models; energy savings steps; dryers, equipment and basic design procedure.

Numerical exercises: drying
Laboratory: Drying (free and forced convection, fluid-bed)

Week 9
Distillation: definition and application; ideal and real mixtures; azeotropes; phase equilibria; extractive and azeotropic distillation; distillation columns; differential distillation (Rayleigh equation-graphical method; working principle; heat and mass balance); continuously operated simple distillation (mass and heat balances, working principle); flash distillation (working principle; operating line); continuous adiabatic rectification (working principle, mass and heat balances, operating lines, energy saving steps; McCabe Thile and Ponchon Savarit methods for NTU determination; q-line and feed condition; diameter and height of the column; reflux ratio);

Numerical exercises: distillation

Week 1o
Column internals (plates, packings: random and structured), selection, optimization and control of rectification column, operating conditions; discontinuous adiabatic distillation: (working principle; mass and heat balances; operating lines; R=const and xD=const)

Numerical exercises: solving complex problems
Laboratory: Distillation of azeotropic mixture

Week 11
Written partial exam: drying, distillation

Week 12
Extraction: definition and application; solvent requirements; basic terms; distribution coefficient; L-L equilibrium: ternary and distribution graph; solvent rati; single stage and multistage discontinuous extraction: mass balance, operating lines; continuous countercurrent extraction: mass balance, operating line, driving force, NTU, HTU, kinetic approach; extractors: classification and basic design

Numerical exercises: single stage, multistage and continuous extraction
Laboratory: batch extraction

Week 13
Absorption, definition; solvent selection; mass transfer; rate of absorption; local and overall mass transfer coefficients; absorption coefficients; single, multistage and continuous absorption (mass balances, operating lines); optimum L/G; absorbers: classification and general design procedure

Numerical exercises: single stage, multistage and continuous absorption

Week 14
Selection of feasible separation process; guidelines for equipment selection

Numerical exercises: solving complex problems

Week 15
Written partial exam: extraction, absorption

COURSE PREREQUISITIES:
Completed courses: all courses of 1st year of undergraduated study, Mass and energy balances, Transport phenomena

EXAM REQUIREMENTS:
Completed laboratory exercises and student teaching obligations

GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCE:
At the end of this course students have general knowledge needed for selection of the feasible separation process, based on characteristics and properties of components and their mixture as well as separation process characteristics.
Specific competencies:
Graphical and numerical determination of number of transfer units
Definition, formulation and solving thermal separation problems using balance and kinetic equations
Calculation of heat and mass transfer coefficients for the given separation process
Selection of separation process based on phase equilibria and physical properties
Selection of solvent for extraction and absorption

STUDENTS' TEACHING OBLIGATIONS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE
Regular participation in classes - lectures and seminars (80 % min).
Completed 6 laboratory exercises and 7 homework assignments.
Students are required to access written and oral exam.

TEACHING METHODS
Lectures, seminars and laboratory exercises.

KNOWLEDGE TESTING AND EVALUATION
Written/oral exam for entry into laboratory exercises.
3 written partial exams (1 or 2 numerical tasks and 3 theoretical questions; 50% from each part required to pass; a passing grade will exempt the student from the oral examination).
Written test (2 numerical tasks and 3 theoretical questions; 50% from each part is required to pass). Oral Examination.
E-course activities (games, tests, thematic forums)

MONITORING OF THE COURSE QUALITY AND SUCCESSFULNESS
University-level student survey.

LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE LEVEL OF THE COURSE:
1. the ability to select methods that are feasible for separation of a mixture from physical-chemical data for the compounds in the mixture
2. the ability to understand how various parameters influence the capacity, degree of separation and energy efficiency of various separation process
3. the ability to solve material and energy balances combined with phase equilibria for the analysis of various separation processes
4. the ability to develop skills in solving engineering problems related to the design and performance of the separation process
5. the ability to develop experimental skills necessary for analysis and the performance of the separation processes

LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE LEVEL OF THE STUDY PROGRAMME:
1. describe the phenomena in the field of chemical engineering using vocabulary and apparatus of the fundamental sciences - mathematics, physics and chemistry
2. interpret the fundamental principles of chemical engineering in the fields of modelling and simulation of chemical reactions, of momentum, mass and energy transport processes and of separation processes
3. define chemical engineering problems, which includes their analysis and formulation in order to solve them using fundamental principles
4. solve real chemical engineering problems by scientific approach
5. critically review literature data sources, both in printed and Internet form, to collect necessary information for solving chemical engineering problems
6. demonstrate capability of learning on their own and recognizing the need for lifelong learning

LITERATURE:
1. A.Sander, Nastavni materijali e-kolegija objavljeni na Merlinu
2. A.Sander, Zbirka zadataka iz Toplinskog procesnog inženjerstva, 2010.
3. K.Satler, H.J.Feindt, Thermal Separation Processes - Principles and Design, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim; 1995.
4. J.D.Seader, E.J. Henley, Separation Process Principles, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2006.
5. C.J.Geankoplis, Transport Processes and Unit Operations, Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1978.
6. J.H.Lienhard, A Heat Transfer Textbook, Third Ed., Phlogiston Press, Cambridge, 2006.

1. the ability to select methods that are feasible for separation of a mixture from physical-chemical data for the compounds in the mixture
2. 2. the ability to understand how various parameters influence the capacity, degree of separation and energy efficiency of various separation process
3. the ability to solve material and energy balances combined with phase equilibria for the analysis of various separation processes
4. the ability to develop skils in solving engineering problems related to the design and performance of the separation process

1. Nastavni materijali e-kolegija objavljeni na Merlinu, Aleksandra Sander,
2. Zbirka zadataka iz Toplinskog procesnog inženjerstva, Aleksandra Sander, 2010.
3. Thermal Separation Processes - Principles and Design, K.Satler, H.J.Feindt, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim, 1995.
4. Separation Process Principles, J.D.Seader, E.J. Henley, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2006.
5. Transport Processes and Unit Operations, C.J.Geankoplis, Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1978.
6. A Heat Transfer Textbook, J.H.Lienhard, Phlogiston Press, Cambridge, 2006.

Enrollment :
Attended : Chemical engineering thermodynamics
Attended : Mechanical process engineering

Mandatory course - Regular studij - Chemical Engineering