Acquiring knowledge about surface active agents or surfactants, about the specificity of the structure of surfactant molecules and their properties. Understanding of phenomena on boundary surfaces (L/G, L/L, L/S) important for the application of surfactants as wetting agents, emulsion and foam stabilizers, and in detergents and softeners. Introduction to chemical characteristics, production processes and areas of application of different groups and subgroups of surfactants. Acquiring knowledge about detergents and their formulations for various purposes.
COURSE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM:
1. Introduction to surfactants: the specificity of the chemical structure of surfactant molecules and the resulting phenomena.
2. Surface tension and micelles. Areas of application of surfactants.
3. Formation and structure of micelles in aqueous and non-aqueous medium. CMC (critical micellar concentration); determination and influencing factors. Micellar solubilization.
4. Surface phenomena (L/G, L/L, L/S) of technological significance for the application of surfactants. Surface tension. Interfacial tension. Soaking.
5. Emulsions: types, properties, stability. Stabilization of emulsions with surfactants (emulsifiers).
6. Foams: division, mechanical equilibrium, structure, properties, foaming of surfactant solutions, foam stability.
7. Classification of surfactants according to ionic charge (anionic, cationic, nonionic and ampholytic) and according to application (emulsifiers, wetting agents, foams, softeners, detergents or detergents).
8. Chemical groups of anionic surfactants, characteristics, selected production methods and areas of application.
9. Chemical groups of cationic surfactants, characteristics, selected production methods and areas of application.
10. Chemical groups of nonionic surfactants, characteristics, selected production methods and areas of application.
11. Chemical groups of ampholytic surfactants, characteristics, selected production methods and areas of application.
12. Detergents: composition and role of individual components,
13. The action of surfactants in the washing process.
14. Detergent formulations for various purposes.
15. Biodegradability of surfactants. Examples of some new, environmentally friendly (biodegradable) surfactants.
Laboratory exercises: exercises 1 to 5
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS:
Knowledge and understanding of basic facts, concepts, principles and theories related to chemistry and basics of chemical engineering
STUDENTS 'TEACHING OBLIGATIONS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE:
Attending lectures and laboratory exercises
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING A SIGNATURE:
Attending lectures
TEACHING METHODS:
Lectures and exercises
METHOD OF EXAMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXAMINATION:
Written exam. Oral exam according to the teacher's assessment.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF COURSES:
Student survey
METHODOLOGICAL PREREQUISITES:
Enrolled subjects: Physical Chemistry I, Organic chemistry I
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Distinguish the basic properties of surfactants
2. Categorize different types of surfactants
3. To connect phenomena at the phase boundary with the application properties of surfactants
4. Interpret the processes of preparation of selected types of surfactants
5. Analyze the technological and environmental aspects of the production process of the selected type of surfactant
6. Explain the role of individual compounds in detergent formulations
LEARNING OUTCOMES AT PROGRAM LEVEL:
1. solve qualitative and quantitative problems by applying appropriate chemical principles and theories
2. interpret chemical information and data
3. interpret the results of laboratory observations and measurements, their meaning and connection with the corresponding theory
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R. J. Farn, Chemistry and Technology of Surfactants, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2006.
A. Davidsohn, B. M. Milwidsky, Synthetic Detergents, John Wiley& Sons, New York, 1978.
Lj.Đaković, Koloidna kemija, Tehnološki fakultet, Novi Sad, 1985.
K. Holmberg, Novel Surfactants, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2003.,
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