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Load:
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1. komponenta
| Lecture type | Total |
| Lectures |
30 |
| Laboratory exercises |
45 |
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Description:
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COURSE OBJECTIVE:
To provide students with a sound understanding of the fundamental steps involved in process synthesis and analysis, with the aim of improving the utilisation of heat and material resources within a process and developing environmentally and economically acceptable process solutions.
COURSE CONTENT
Week 1
Introduction to process integration, mass integration and energy integration. Synthesis of heat exchanger networks. Fundamentals of pinch analysis and its relation to the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics. Basic concepts illustrated through a simple example of heat exchange between one hot and one cold process stream using a temperature?enthalpy (T?H) diagram.
Week 2
Energy targeting ? determination of the minimum theoretical utility consumption, including heating and cooling utilities, for a heat exchanger network. Graphical procedure ? construction of process composite curves. Effect of ?Tmin on energy targets.
Week 3
Algebraic determination of minimum energy consumption: problem table algorithm and heat cascade diagram. Examples. Significance of the pinch temperature.
Week 4
Synthesis of a heat exchanger network with minimum energy consumption. Design rules for integration above and below the pinch temperature. Integration of other energy-active process units and construction of the grand composite curve. Examples.
Week 5
Determination of the minimum number of heat exchangers. Reduction of a minimum-energy network to a network with the minimum number of heat exchangers. Heat loops and heat paths within the process. Effect of reducing the number of heat exchangers on energy consumption. Examples.
Week 6
Threshold problem. Determination of the minimum total heat exchanger area within the network. Examples.
Week 7
Placement of energy-active units relative to the pinch, including heat engines and heat pumps. Practical application of pinch analysis ? collection, preparation and organisation of input data for analysis.
Week 8
First partial knowledge assessment.
Week 9
Synthesis of mass exchange networks. Unit operations for mass transfer. Review of the fundamentals of their design and calculation. Linearised phase equilibrium model and its special cases ? Raoult?s law and Henry?s law. Interphase mass transfer. Determination of the required number of theoretical stages and conversion of stage requirements into equipment dimensions.
Week 10
Graphical construction of composite curves and determination of the pinch concentration. Construction of the mass-exchange pinch diagram. Comparison with heat exchanger network synthesis. Process and external mass separating agents and targeting of their minimum consumption.
Week 11
Algebraic approach to mass integration ? construction of interval and cascade diagrams. Example: removal of phenol from wastewater.
Week 12
Reduction of water consumption through process structure development, including PU ? process units, TU ? treatment units, MU ? mixer units and SU ? splitter units. Synthesis of water-use networks and identification of the most suitable configuration. Example: wastewater in petroleum refining.
Week 13
Case study: rationalisation of water consumption in paper production. WSD method and the Wang and Smith method.
Week 14
Optimisation ? formulation and classification of optimisation problems, with a brief introduction to basic concepts. Graphical approach illustrated by an example: acid gas washing.
Week 15
Second partial knowledge assessment.
Final practical exercise assessment.
PRACTICAL EXERCISES:
Practical exercises are carried out in a computer laboratory. Student teams of 2?4 students are assigned a process design project on which they work throughout the semester. The project is solved using CHEMCAD, Aspen HYSYS or gPROMS. Where necessary, more complex optimisation problems are solved using the GAMS optimisation software. The final outcome is a basic process design presented in the form of a final report.
STUDENT REQUIREMENTS AND MEANS OF FULFILMENT:
A minimum attendance of 75% at lectures and practical exercises. Successful completion of partial theory assessments and the final practical exercise assessment. Completion of laboratory exercises and submission of written reports.
TEACHING METHODS:
Conventional teaching format comprising lectures, practical exercises and team-based project work.
ASSESSMENT AND EXAMINATION:
Two (2) partial theory assessments, worth a total of 20 points. Only one missed or failed partial assessment may be retaken.
Final practical exercise assessment, worth 20 points.
Submission of the final practical exercise report, worth 10 points.
Students who achieve at least 60% of the available points in each of the three assessments are exempt from the written part of the examination.
Attendance contributes a maximum of 6 points: three points for practical exercises and three points for lectures.
The final grade is determined on the basis of the total number of points achieved, according to the following scale:
Sufficient (2) 60% of the total available points
Good (3) 70% of the total available points
Very good (4) 80% of the total available points
Excellent (5) 90% of the total available points
Students who are not satisfied with the grade obtained on the basis of continuous assessment may take a written and oral examination. The same grading scale applies.
QUALITY ASSURANCE:
Student course evaluation survey
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Learning outcomes:
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- Connect the influence of temperature difference as a heat transfer driving force and wnd law of thermodynamics to heat exchanger network design with the goal of optimal thermal energy utilization in a process.
- Evaluate the impact of the heat transfer pinch to heat exchanger network design
- Select apropriate process utilities.
- Determine similarities and differences between heat transfer and mass transfer network design.
- Assess applicability of simplified phase equilibria and mass transfer models in mass exchanger network synthesis.
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Literature:
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Nastavni tekstovi na mrežnim stranicama FKIT-a, Igor Dejanović, Goran Lukać,
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Chemical Process Design and Integration, R. Smith, Wiley, 2005.
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Pinch Analyisis and Process Integration, I.C. Kemp, Elsevier, 2007.
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Pollution Prevention Through Process Integration, M.M. El-Halwagi, Academic Press, 2003.
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Analysis, Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes, R. Turton, R. C. Bailie, W. B. Whiting, J. A. Shaeiwitz, Prentice Hall, 2003.
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Prerequisit for:
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Enrollment
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Attended
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Chemical plant design I
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Pristupačnost
