1. komponenta

Lecture type	Total
Lectures	30
Laboratory exercises	30

* Load is given in academic hour (1 academic hour = 45 minutes)

COURSE OBJECTIVE: Introducing students to the most important types of reactors. The purpose of the course is to present in a clear and concise manner the basics of the analysis of the operation and performance of the reactor.
COURSE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM:
1. Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Introduction to the problem, required prior knowledge. Definition of basic terms. The concept of catalysis. Reaction pathway. Adsorption and chemisorption. Kinetic models. Catalyst deactivation and reaction rate. Mass transfer and catalytic reaction rate.
2. Reactor selection and design, comparison of basic reactor types. Characteristics of the reaction system. Process features. Comparison of continuous stirring tank reactor (PKR) and tubular reactor (CR). Multi-reactor systems. Reactor choices and complex reactions. Reactor selection and thermal effects. Reactor design and dimensioning.
3. Batch reactors: features, reactor models. Basic features. Application. Introduction to reactor models.
4. Examples of reactor models for a batch reactor in isothermal operation. Batch reactor in isothermal operation. Batch reactor in adiabatic operation. Optimization of batch reactor operation.
5. Continuous stirring tank reactors. Basic features. Application. Introduction to reactor models. Heat balance for heat transfer of medium.
6. Examples of reactor models for continuous stirring tank reactors. Isothermal operation of continuous stirring tank reactors. Adiabatic operation of continuous stirring tank reactors. Heat transfer in a stirred reactor.
7. Continuous stirring tank reactors in non-stationary operation, PKRn and stability of continuous stirring tank reactors operation. Causes that lead to non-stationary work. General model of PKRn reactor. Start of operation of the continuous stirring tank reactors in non-stationary operation. Continuous stirring tank reactor shutdown. Change in input concentration. Examples. Continuous stirring tank reactor stability and stability condition.
8. Tubular reactors, TR: basic features and classification of reactor models. Basic features. Application. Tubular reactor models and model classification.
9. 1D and 2D models for homogeneous systems. Terms of use. Balances. Model assuming ideal flow. Axial dispersion model. Model of a tubular reactor with laminar flow. Heat balance. Examples of models.
Laboratory 1 Curing of polyester resins in a model mold
Laboratory 2 Dehydration of ethanol in a tubular reactor
Laboratory 3 Adiabatic batch reactor
Laboratory 4 Residence time distribution (RTD)
10. 1D and 2D models for heterogeneous systems. Assumptions on which 1D heterogeneous models are based. Heat and mass balances. Examples of models. 2 D models and model equations. Models and practical application. Examples of models.
Laboratory 1 Curing of polyester resins in a model mold
Laboratory 2 Dehydration of ethanol in a tubular reactor
Laboratory 3 Adiabatic batch reactor
Laboratory 4 Residence time distribution (RTD)
11. Examples of models and numerical methods of solving. Overview of numerical methods: direct method, implicit method, line method, collocation method. Examples.
Laboratory 1 Curing of polyester resins in a model mold
Laboratory 2 Dehydration of ethanol in a tubular reactor
Laboratory 3 Adiabatic batch reactor
Laboratory 4 Residence time distribution (RTD)
12. Transfer coefficients and experimental methods. Transfer of mass and heat through the catalyst. Interphase transport coefficients. Mass and heat transfer in the catalyst bed. Average diffusion. Heat transfer coefficients through the reactor wall.
Laboratory 1 Curing of polyester resins in a model mold
Laboratory 2 Dehydration of ethanol in a tubular reactor
Laboratory 3 Adiabatic batch reactor
Laboratory 4 Residence time distribution (RTD)
13. Multiphase reactors: classification and basic features. Basic classification. Reactors for conducting gas-liquid reactions. Continuous stirring tank reactors with mixing of both phases. Reactor models. Column reactors. Two-phase column reactors. Three-phase reactors.
14. Trickle bed and suspension reactors: comparison, advantages and disadvantages. Classification of suspension reactors. Reaction pathway. Example model. Basic design of a trickle bed reactor. Example model. Comparison of the main representatives of multiphase reactors.
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS: Application of the basic methodology of chemical engineering necessary for the selection of the appropriate type of chemical reactor, understanding the way they work, defining process quantities and parameters, and performing mathematical models of processes in different types of chemical reactors.
STUDENTS' TEACHING OBLIGATIONS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE: Attendance and active participation in lectures, seminars and exercises, as well as oral and written fulfillment of seminar and laboratory obligations.
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING A SIGNATURE: Regular attendance of all forms of teaching provided by the course program.
TEACHING METHODS: In the form of lectures, seminars, laboratory exercises and consultations as needed
METHOD OF EXAMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXAMINATION: 3 compulsory written tests during the semester through colloquia, seminars or independent problem solving and, if necessary, a written and oral exam.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF COURSES:
Quality and performance will be monitored through student surveys, interviews with students during classes and their success in knowledge tests.
METHODOLOGICAL PREREQUISITES: Enrolled and attended courses: Physical Chemistry, Gheta nad mass balance, Transport processes
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. to define process quantities and parameters of a chemical reactor
2. to perform mathematical models of processes in different types of chemical reactors
3. to distinguish different approaches to modeling reactors according to the way they work
4. to select the appropriate type of reactor with regard to the characteristics of the reaction system, process characteristics, reaction rate and operating conditions
5. to describe the mode of flow in the reactor
6.to explain the different designs of multiphase reactors
7. to apply appropriate numerical and / or analytical methods in estimating the parameters of kinetic models and reactor models.
LEARNING OUTCOMES AT PROGRAM LEVEL:
1. to apply the basic methodology of chemical engineering in the development of new products and processes,
2. to dimension one or more process units or devices,
3. to identify key process parameters,
4. to determine the optimal conditions for the implementation of the process,
5. to apply appropriate mathematical/numerical methods in solving model equations
6. to acquire the skills needed to work in the chemical process industry
7. to understand the importance of applying the highest ethical standards in professional work.
TEACHING UNITS WITH ASSOCIATED LEARNING OUTCOMES AND EVALUATION CRITERIA:
Teaching unit: 1. Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions
Learning outcomes:
1. analyze the relationship between the adsorption phenomenon and the chemical reaction on the catalyst surface
2. summarize the essential features that are given special importance in setting up a kinetic model
3. point out the difference between the usual sequence of reactions in a heterogeneous system and the catalytic reaction with solid catalysts
4. define the term reaction pathway
5. express the basic features of Hougen Watson's kinetic models
6. propose a kinetic model of deactivation for different deactivation mechanisms
7. define the overall process efficiency characteristic, and the efficiency characteristics with respect to interphase or intraphase diffusion
8. to single out the methods of experimental research in studying the kinetics of catalytic reactions
Evaluation criteria:
1. enumerate and explain the essential factors in setting up a mechanistic kinetic model
2. write a general reaction mechanism for an example of a bimolecular reaction at different active centers
3. enumerate the steps in the general reaction path for a heterogeneous catalytic reaction
4. describe the difference between physical adsorption and chemisorption
5. write expressions for the total catalyst efficiency characteristic and the efficiency characteristics with respect to interfacial or intraphase diffusion
6. demonstrate experimental methods for estimating the influence of interfacial and intraphase diffusion on the reaction rate
Teaching unit: 2. Reactor selection and design, comparison of basic reactor types
Learning outcomes:
1. define the factors influencing the choice of reactor
2. consider the basic types of reactors with respect to their volume
3. compare different reactor designs for conducting complex reactions
4. group reaction systems with respect to the thermal effects of reactions
5. explain how to express the temperature sensitivity of reactions
6. list the basic parameters and variables that need to be taken into account when dimensioning the reactor
Evaluation criteria:
1. propose the design of a reactor on a given example of a complex comparative reaction
2. give examples of possible embodiments of reactors for conducting exothermic reactions
3. list the indicators that can be used to describe the temperature sensitivity of reactions
4. derive an expression to calculate the temperature sensitivity feature
Teaching unit: 3. Boiler reactors
Learning outcomes:
1. define a reactor model of a boiler reactor
2. define the total heat transfer coefficient assuming that the heat is exchanged through the reactor wall
3. explain the optimization of boiler reactor operation
Evaluation criteria:
1. write the heat balance for the boiler reactor when there is heat exchange by the medium in the jacket or coils
2. write the heat balance for the reactor in isothermal operation
3. write the heat balance for the reactor in adiabatic operation
4. summarize the procedures applied in optimizing the operation of boiler reactors
Teaching unit: 4. Flow-through boiler reactors, PKR
Learning outcomes:
1. explain the difference between flow boiler reactors in stationary and non-stationary operation, PKR vs. PKRn
2. perform a PKR reactor model
3. explain the mode of operation of the PKR reactor in the non-stationary state, PKRn
4. analyze the stability of the operation of the PKR reactor
5. explain the engineering approach to achieve good mixing in PKR and boiler reactors
Evaluation criteria:
1. write basic balances of the amount of matter and heat for PKR in stationary or non-stationary work 2. Simplify the basic mass and heat balances using equivalent units or with assumptions appropriate to the specific reaction conditions
3. write the heat balance for PKR when there is a heat exchange through the reactor jacket, the snake inside the reactor, or through the external heat exchanger
4. Compare different types of mixers
Teaching unit: 5. Tubular reactors, CR
Learning outcomes:
1. summarize the basic features of CR
2. explain the factors influencing the complexity of mathematical CR models
3. analyze mathematical models of CR
4. explain the flow models in CR 5. to single out the essential features of 1D and 2D models for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems
6. describe the experimental and theoretical method of determining the appropriate transfer coefficients
Evaluation criteria:
1. identify the factors influencing the complexity of mathematical CR models
2. summarize the axial dispersion model
3. write a model of a tubular reactor with laminar flow
4. perform a dispersion pseudo-homogeneous model of a tubular catalytic reactor
5. list the methods for solving the model equations
6. apply appropriate numerical methods to solve model equations
Teaching unit: 6. Multiphase reactors
Learning outcomes:
1. summarize the basic features of multiphase reactors
2. analyze the performance of the reactor for the implementation of gas-liquid reactions
3. describe the design of three-phase reactors with a catalyst as a solid phase
4. explain the separation of multiphase reactors with a catalyst as a solid phase
5. describe the basic characteristics and reaction path in a catalytic multiphase reactor
Evaluation criteria:
1. give examples of significant designs of multiphase reactors
2. list examples of reactions in two-phase and three-phase systems
3. summarize the general characteristics of multiphase reactors.

1. to define process variables and process parameters
2. to derive mathematical models of processes in different types of chemical reactors
3. to distinguish different approaches to modeling reactors according to the way they work
4. to compare the appropriate type of reactor with regard to the characteristics of the reaction system, process parameters, reaction rate and operating conditions
5. to describe the flow of fluid inside the reactor
6. to compare different types of multiphase reactors
7. to apply appropriate numerical and/or analytical methods in estimation the parameters of kinetic models and reactor models.

1. Z. Gomzi, Kemijski reaktori, HINUS, Zagreb, 1998.; 2009.
   V. Tomašić, Nastavni tekstovi na mrežnim stranicama FKIT-a,
2. C. G. Hill, Chemical Engineering and Reactor Design, J. Wiley, N. Y. 1977.
   H. S. Fogler, Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1986.
   G. F. Froment and K. B. Bischoff, Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, J. Wiley, N. Y. 1988.
   H. F. Rase, Chemical reactor design for process plants, J. Wiley, N. Y. 1977.
   M. O. Tarhan, Catalytic Reactor Design, McGraw-Hill, New York,1983.
   J. J. Carrbery, Chemical and Catalytic Reactor Engineering, McGreaw-Hill, New York, 1978.
   V.V. Ranade, R.V. Chaudhari, P.R. Gunjal, Trickle Bed Reactors, Reaction Engineering & Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2011.,

Mandatory course - Regular modul - Chemical Engineering in Environmental Protection
Mandatory course - Regular modul - Chemical Process Engineering
Mandatory course - Regular modul - Chemical Technologies and Products