COURSE OBJECTIVE:
To teach students who have mastered the mechanisms and equilibria of chemical reactions at the undergraduate level how to apply them to a realistic sample and what interactions are possible between natural soil and sediment constituents and organic and inorganic contaminants. Biochemical processes of transformation of these compounds in soil and sediment. Multidisciplinary approach to environmental quality monitoring.
COURSE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM:
Lectures:
Week 1
Soil as part of the environment. Soil science. Classification of soil. Geological conditions of soil formation. Pedogenetic factors and processes.
Week 2
Composition of soil. Chemical and physical properties of soil. Humus. Importance of organic matter in soil. Forms of nutrients in soil. Water in the soil. Trace elements.
Week 3
Degradation of the soil. Anthropogenic changes in soil. Input of organic and inorganic pollutants to soil and their interaction with different soil types. Mobility of pesticides, PCBs and antibiotics in soil.
Week 4
Classification of soil damage. Bioregeneration of soil. Soil sampling. Analysis of the soil.
Week 5
Sediment as part of the environment, formation and classification, redeposition under the influence of water, wind and ice. Identification. Interactions at the phase boundary.
Week 6
State of soils in the Republic of Croatia. Protection of soil in the Republic of Croatia.
Week 7
Presentation of the student seminar papers.
Week 8
1st partial test
Week 9
Microorganisms in Soil and Sediment.
Week 10
Metabolic differences between microorganisms. Influence of physical factors on the growth of microorganisms in soils and sediments.
Week 11
Growth and reproduction of microorganisms.
Week 12
The role of enzymes in the soil.
Week 13
Occurrence of enzymes in soil (amylase, cellulase, catalase, nitratase, oxidase, urease, phosphatase).
Week 14
Biochemical processes in soil and sediment.
Week 15
2nd partial test
Laboratory Exercises:
1. soil analysis: a) Determination of mechanical composition of soil or sediment, b) Determination of soil or sediment hygroscopicity according to Mitschelich,
(c) Determination of the pH of the soil or sediment,
(d) Determination of the specific conductivity of a soil or sediment sample,
(e) Determination of the nature of humus, (f) Determination of humus content according to Tyurin and Kochman, (g) Determination of carbonate in soil or sediment,
(h) Determination of the capacity and saturation state of the adsorption complex,
(i) Determination of readily available phosphorus in soil or sediment by the method AL., (j) Determination of exchangeable divalent cations in soil or sediment.
2. microbiological analysis of the soil:
(a) Determination of the presence of microorganisms in soil and sediment samples., (b) observation of micro-organisms under a light microscope,
(c) isolation of micro-organisms,
(d) identification of micro-organisms (Gram stain, API test, oxidase, catalase and nitratase), e) Microbial degradation of organic material in soil and sediment.
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS:
Enable students to understand all aspects of the chemical and biochemical processes that occur in soils and sediments. Enable students to independently and objectively assess what chemical and biochemical transformations of chemical substances are taking place based on available information (types of contaminants, soil properties, etc.).
STUDENT OBLIGATIONS TEACHING AND THEIR PERFORMANCE:
Attending lectures, conducting seminars on a particular topic from the course content and laboratory exercises.
CONDITIONS FOR TO OBTAIN A SIGNATURE:
Regular lectures and completed laboratory exercises.
TEACHING METHODS:
Lectures using PowerPoint presentations and one-on-one discussions with students and experimental work in the laboratory in small groups.
METHODS OF EXAMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXAMINATION: Written and oral part of the examination.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF COURSES: Student survey.
LEARN OUTCOMES AT PROGRAM LEVEL:
1. apply more complex chemical principles that continue the basic knowledge of chemistry acquired at the undergraduate level,
2. link basic facts, concepts, chemical principles, and theories to advanced areas of chemistry and chemical technologies
3. objectively evaluate work results to present them concisely
4. organize laboratory work responsibly
5. explain scientific or technical ideas, data, and conclusions, using appropriate explanations, in a professional or general setting, either orally or in writing.
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PP predavanja na Merlinu, Dajana Kučić Grgić,
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Nastavni materijal za vježbe (interna skripta), Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović,
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Zaštita okoliša, F. Briški, Element, 2016.
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PP prezentacije na Merlinu, Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović,
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DOPUNSKA LITERATURA:
1. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West, F.J. Holler, Osnove analitičke kemije, Školska knjiga Zagreb, 1999.
2. J. Martinović, Tloznanstvo u zaštiti okoliša, Pokret prijatelja prirode Lijepa naša, Zagreb 1997.
3. E. Prohić, Geokemija, Targa Zagreb, 1998.
4. W. Stumm, Aquatic surface chemistry: Chemical processes at the particle, water interface, Wiley Interscience Pub. New York 1987.
5. G.W. Van Loon, Environmental chemistry, Oxford University press 2000.
6. Skupina autora, Analitika okoliša (ur. M. Kaštelan Macan, M. Petrović), HINUS i FKIT, Zagreb 2013.,
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