1. komponenta

Lecture type	Total
Lectures	30
Laboratory exercises	15
Seminar	15

* Load is given in academic hour (1 academic hour = 45 minutes)

COURSE OBJECTIVE: The aim of the course is to acquire basic knowledge of catalytic reaction engineering, which has a great impact on reducing and preventing emissions of harmful substances into the environment.
COURSE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM:
1. Introduction to catalysis -what is catalysis and what does it deal with, the importance of catalysis for the national economy. Classification of catalytic reactions. Catalyst properties: activity, selectivity and stability
2. Heterogeneous catalysis -adsorption phenomena: criteria by which physical adsorption and chemisorption are distinguished. Heat adsorption. Adsorption isotherms. Heterogeneous catalysis theory.
seminars-assignments
3. Kinetics and mechanism of heterogeneous-catalytic reactions. Assumption of reaction mechanism and choice of kinetic model. Influence of temperature on the reaction rate in a heterogeneous system: apparent and actual activation energy.
seminars-assignments
4. Overall reaction rate of heterogeneous-catalytic reactions -reaction regimes, the concept of the slowest process. Interphase and intraphase mass transfer. Types of diffusion.
seminars-assignments
5. Knowledge test
6. Intraphase effectiveness factor -experimental determination and theoretical calculation. Thermal effects during the process: temperature gradient through the fluid film, temperature gradient inside the catalyst. Resistance to surface reaction.
seminars-assignments
7. Catalyst activity, selectivity and deactivation. Experimental methods for determining the catalytic properties of catalysts. Experimental reactors. Criteria for assessing the influence of mass and heat transfer on the overall reaction rate: inter -and intra-phase gradients, reactor gradients.
laboratory exercises
8. Composition and performance of catalysts -chemical composition: carrier, promoter, catalytically active substance. The role and importance of the active component of the catalyst. Approach to the problem of catalyst design, selection of catalyst components, modern methods of development of new catalytic systems
laboratory exercises
9. Fixed bed reactors (basic characteristics, classification, advantages and disadvantages, process examples). Heat and mass transfer in fixed bed reactors under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions (theoretical and experimental approach)
laboratory exercises
10. Knowledge test
11. Adiabatic reactors (conditions for adiabatic operation, performances of adiabatic reactors, application), NINA reactors laboratory exercises
12. Other types of fixed bed reactor, peculiarities in the design of fixed bed reactors
laboratory exercises
13. Catalyst moving bed reactors (characteristics, classification, advantages and disadvantages, process examples)
laboratory exercises
14. Fluidized bed reactors and suspension reactors. Transfer processes in suspension reactors laboratory exercises
15. Knowledge test
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS:
Encouraging students to learn independently and developing critical thinking. Specific competencies will include the application of acquired knowledge and the ability to independently plan research related to chemical reaction engineering and catalysis.
STUDENTS 'TEACHING OBLIGATIONS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE: Attendance and active participation in lectures, seminars and exercises, as well as oral and written fulfillment of seminar and laboratory obligations.
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING A SIGNATURE: Regular attendance of all forms of teaching provided by the course program.
TEACHING METHODS: In the form of lectures, seminars, laboratory exercises and consultations as needed.
METHOD OF EXAMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXAMINATION: 3 compulsory written tests during the semester through colloquia, seminars or independent problem solving and, if necessary, a written and oral exam.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF COURSES: Quality and performance will be monitored through student surveys, interviews with students during classes, and their success in knowledge tests.
METHODOLOGICAL PREREQUISITES: Physical chemistry, Heat and mass balance, Transport processes
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
- define process quantities and parameters of the chemical reactor
- analyze experimental data in order to determine the kinetic model
- distinguish the kinetics of reactions in homogeneous or heterogeneous systems
- identify the key variables required for catalyst performance
- distinguish catalysts according to structure, function and conditions of use
- select the appropriate laboratory reactor to determine the kinetics of non-catalytic and catalytic reactions
- solve analytical and numerical (simulate) mathematical models of chemical and biochemical reactions in different types of reactors
- estimate the values of kinetic parameters of the model based on given experimental data using computer tools (Excel, MATLAB)
- know the characteristics and field of application of basic types of catalytic reactors
- select the appropriate type of reactor with regard to the characteristics of the reaction system, process characteristics, reaction rate and operating conditions
- group catalytic reactors according to given parameters (number of phases present, movement of catalysts in the reactor, temperature distribution in the reactor, heat exchange with the environment)
LEARNING OUTCOMES AT PROGRAM LEVEL:
- apply basic knowledge of chemical engineering in identifying and describing problems in environmental engineering
- understand the importance of the role of the chemical engineer in a proactive approach to environmental protection
- apply mathematical methods, models and techniques in solving experimental examples
- acquire skills necessary for work in the chemical and physical laboratory, use of laboratory equipment and devices
- present the results of research related to the content of studies
Teaching units with associated learning outcomes and evaluation criteria

Teaching unit: Catalysis
Learning outcomes:
- assess the importance of catalytic processes for the national economy
- distinguish homogeneous from heterogeneous catalysis
- distinguish the basic characteristics of the catalyst
- identify the key variables needed to make more active, selective and stable catalysts
- understand the relationship between the structural and chemical properties of catalysts and their catalytic properties
- determine the physical, chemical, mechanical and catalytic characteristics of the catalyst
- identify the key variables needed to make more active, selective and stable catalysts
- distinguish kinetic models of reactions in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems
- distinguish macrokinetics from microkinetics
- select the appropriate laboratory reactor to determine the kinetics of catalytic reactions
Evaluation criteria:
- explain how and why the catalyst affects the reaction rate
- understand the basic principles of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis
- describe and explain different catalytic processes
- analyze and explain the influence of catalyst composition on activity, selectivity and stability
- apply various analytical methods suitable for catalyst characterization
- develop kinetic models for heterogeneous catalytic reactions based on the analysis of the reaction mechanism
- explain the difference between real and apparent reaction rate
- examine the influence of interphase and intraphase diffusion on the reaction rate
- calculate the interphase / intraphase effectiveness factor and explain the difference
- apply the appropriate experimental / theoretical criterion for the assessment of interphase / intraphase resistance

Teaching unit: Classification of catalytic reactors
Learning outcomes:
- describe an integrated approach to the development of catalysts and reactors
- explain the division of catalytic reactors with respect to given parameters (number of phases present, movement of catalysts in the reactor, temperature distribution in the reactor, heat exchange with the environment)
- identify the factors that affect the choice and performance of the catalytic reactor
- analyze and compare reactor designs for conducting homogeneous-catalytic and heterogeneous-catalytic processes
- explain the methods of separation of catalysts and reaction products on the example of homogeneous-catalytic reactions
Evaluation criteria:
- list the factors that affect the performance of the reactor in two-phase systems
- give examples of different reactor designs used in the gas-liquid-solid system
- compare the general characteristics of the processes carried out in the liquid and gas phases
- give examples of industrial catalytic processes carried out in multiphase reactors

Teaching unit: Peculiarities of reactor design with fixed bed of catalyst
Learning outcomes:
- analyze the design of catalytic reactors with a fixed bed of catalyst
- explain the advantages and disadvantages of fixed bed reactors compared to other types of reactors
- analyze the principle of operation of adiabatic reactors
- define the conditions for adiabatic operation of the reactor
- explain the problems in designing a fixed bed catalyst reactor
- analyze the flow through the fixed bed reactor
- explain the factors that lead to deviations from the ideal flow in the reactor
- define the terms axial and radial dispersion
- summarize the general characteristics of commercial fixed bed reactors
Evaluation criteria:
- give examples of reactors with a fixed bed of catalyst
- explain the separation of the fixed bed reactor with respect to the temperature distribution in the reactor
- define parameters that can express the temperature sensitivity of the reaction
- give examples of processes carried out in adiabatic reactors
- specify the different designs of adiabatic reactors
- describe the causes that lead to poor distribution of reactants in the cross section of the reactor
- state the criteria that determine the maximum allowable pressure drop in the reactor
- determine the pressure drop through the catalytic bed by applying appropriate empirical correlations
- compare the advantages and disadvantages of commercial reactors with a fixed bed of catalyst

Teaching unit: Catalyst moving bed reactors
Learning outcomes:
- classify reactors with a moving catalyst bed
- analyze the working principle of the reactor

1. - to analyze the process variables and parameters of the chemical reactor
2. - to distinguish the kinetics of reactions in homogeneous or heterogeneous systems
3. - to identify the key variables responsible for the catalyst performance
4. - to distinguish catalysts according to structure, function and conditions of use
5. - to select an appropriate laboratory reactor for determining the kinetics of non-catalytic and catalytic reactions
6. - to solve analytical and numerical (simulate) mathematical models of chemical and biochemical reactions in different types of reactors
7. - to estimate the values of kinetic parameters of the model based on obtained experimental data using computer tools (Excel, MATLAB)
8. - to compare the appropriate type of reactor with regard to the properties of the reaction system, process variables, reaction rate and operating conditions

1. S. Zrnčević, KATALIZA I KATALIZATORI, HINUS, 2005.
   Z.Gomzi, KEMIJSKI REAKTORI, HINUS, Zagreb, 1998.,
2. R.W. Missen, C.A.Mims, B.A.Saville, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Kinetics, J.Wiley, New York, 1999.
   H.S. Fogler, Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1999.
   C.H. Bartholomew, R.J.Faruto, Fundamentals of Industrial Catalytic Processes, J.Wiley, New York, 2006.
   Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Vol. I.-V., Eds. G.Ertl, H.Knozinger, J. Weitkamp, VCH, 1997.
   Catalysis: An Integrated Approach, Eds. R. A. van Santen, P. W. N. M. van Leeuwen, J. A. Moulijn, B. A. Averill, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2000.
   V.V. Ranade, R.V. Chaudhari, P.R. Gunjal, Trickle Bed Reactors, Reaction Engineering & Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2011.,

Izborni kolegij - Regular studij - Environmental Engineering
Izborni kolegij II - Regular studij - Environmental Engineering