Course: Bioreaction technique
PURPOSE: Upgrading the theoretical knowledge acquired in previous courses in the field of biochemical engineering. Acquiring the practical and theoretical knowledge required for the implementation of bioprocesses. Learning the computer techniques of analysis of experimental data.
THE CONTENTS OF THE COURSE:
1st week, Preparation of heterogeneous biocatalyst (immobilized biocatalysts), methods of immobilization.
2nd week, Methods for characterization of immobilized biocatalysts.
3rd week, Application of immobilized biocatalysts. Industrial processes with immobilized biocatalysts.
4th week, The use of biocatalysts in non conventional media.
5th week, Stability of biocatalysts. Deactivation of the biocatalyst. Models of the biocatalyst deactivation. Methods of biocatalyst stabilization.
6th week, Mathematical modeling of complex reaction systems based on experimental data using a computer (software package SCIENTIST).
7th week, First preliminary exam
8th week, Products obtained by using microbial whole cells. The conditions for the microbial growth. Mechanisms for regulation of metabolism. Characteristics of primary and secondary metabolism.
9th week, Microbial growth kinetics, Monod kinetics. Microbial growth kinetics on multiple carbon sources. The kinetics of substrate consumption and product formation during the cultivation of microorganisms.
10th week, Mass balances (biomass and substrate) of the continuous cultivation of microorganisms. Continuous microbial cultivation with biomass recycle. Continuous cultivation of microorganisms in the multistage bioreactor system.
11th week, Efficiency of microbial processes (yields, conversion, space time yield)
12th week, Types of bioreactors. The selection of a bioreactor for microbial cultivation. Aeration. The basic theory of oxygen transfer across gas liquid interface.
13th week, Techniques of microbial cultivations. Methods for monitoring the bioprocesses.
14th week, Steps in downstream processing for bioproduct recovery from fermentation broth. Methods for biomass separation from fermentation broth. Method of the cell disintegration. Concentration and purification of the bioproduct.
15th week, Second preliminary exam
GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCE: Acquiring basic and advanced knowledge of chemical engineering methodology needed to solve practical problems in biotransformation analysis and
KNOWLEDGE TESTING AND EVALUATION: Partial preliminary exams, written exam
MONITORING OF THE COURSE QUALITY AND SUCCESSFULNESS: Student survey
EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE LEVEL OF THE COURSE:
1. To distinguish homogeneous and heterogeneous biocatalysis
2. To distinguish heterogeneous biocatalysts according to the method of their preparation
3. To define basic parameters that characterize immobilized biocatalyst
4. To estimate the values of kinetic parameters of the complex enzymatic system from the experimental data
5. To develop mathematical model for the complex enzymatic system (multienzyme), as well as for the process catalyzed by whole cells as biocatalyst in different types of reactors
6. To simulate the process in different types of reactor at different initial process conditions
7. To carry out the biotransformation catalyzed by purifies enzyme and permeabilized whole microorganism cells
8. To define the methods of bioproduct separation
LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE LEVEL OF THE STUDY PROGRAMME:
1. Application of chemical engineering methodology in development of mathematical models for complex reaction systems
2. Applications of mathematical methods and computer techniques for evaluation of model parameters and process simulation
3. Optimization of reaction system (initial process conditions) by using the mathematical model
4. Gaining practical experience in collecting experimental data in the lab
TEACHING UNITS WITH THE CORRESPONDING LEARNING OUTCOMES AND EVALUATION CRITERIA
1. Methods of preparation of heterogeneous biocatalysts
to define the methods of preparation of heterogeneous biocatalyst, to define and explain advantages and disadvantages of each method of immobilization, to define and explain the differences between immobilized enzymes and whole cells, to define different factors that influence the choice of biocatalyst immobilization method, making the difference between homogeneous and hetergeneous catalysis, to recognize the advantages and disadvantages of heterogeneous biocatalysts, evaluation of the application are of immobilized enzymes and immobilized whole cells
2. Characterization of immobilized biocatalyst
to define reaction engineering parameters of heterogeneous biocatalysts and discuss the methods of their determination, to define the methods of determination of the activity of immobilized biocatalyst, to define the effectiveness of immobilized biocatalyst, to define Thiele modulus, numbering the limitation of the use of immobilized biocatalysts, ability to assesss wether the process is diffusion limited on the basis of experimental data, ability to determine the activity of immobilized biocatalyst from the experimental data
3. The application of immobilized biocatalysts
to discuss the application of heterogeneous biocatalysts and immobilized proteins in general, ability to discuss the importance of immobilized proteins
4. Biocatalysts in non conventional media
to define the non conventional media used in biotransformations, to define the advantages and disadvantages of the use of non conventional media, recognition of purpose of different reaction media and importance of the choice
5. Stability and deactivation of biocatalysts
to discuss the types of biocatalyst stability, to discuss the methods of determination of operational stability, ability to determine of operational stability of biocatalyst from the experimental data, ability to estimate the biocatalyst deactivation constants from the experimental data and its incorporation in the kinetic model of the process
6. Mathematical modeling of complex enzymatic systems with coenzyme regeneration
to develop and solve the mathematical model for multienzyme reaction system in different reactor types, to evaluate and apply the developed mathematical model and predict the process outcome by its use, to select the optimal conditions of the process by using the mathematical model, ability to develop and apply the mathematical for simulation and optimization of the reaction system
7. Bioprocesses catalyzed by whole cells
to identify the products of the process catalyzed by whole cells, to define the conditions of cell growth, to define and explain the characteristics of cell metabolism, to number the methods of metabolism regulation, ability to determine the possibility of production of certain product by using whole cells
8. Mathematical modeling of biomass growth
to explain the kinetic model of microbial growth, to explain the kinetic model of substrate consumption, to explain the kinetic model of product synthesis, to evaluate the process efficiency, ability to estimate kinetic parameters of the process, ability to develop model of microbial growth in different types of reactor, ability to determine the yield, substrate conversion, space time yield
9. Types of bioreactors and bioprocess methods for microbial growth
to define the types of bioreactor, to define the aeration, to define the types of mixing, to distinguish the types of bioprocess methods for microbial growth, to define the methods for bioprocess monitoring, ability to determine the optimal bioreactor type for a single process, to estimate the volume coefficient of oxygen transfer, ability to determine the optimal type of mixing in bioreactor for specific process, ability to determine the type of bioprocess implementation
10. Bioproduct separation processes
to define the methods of cell separation, to define the methods for separation of products from the cell, to define the methods of purification and concentration of bioproducts, ability to determine the optimal way of product separation
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J.E. Bailey, D.F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals McGraw-Hill (1986).
A.Scragg ed. Biotechnology for Engineers - Biological Systems in Technological Processes, Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester, (1988)
K. van't Riet, J. Tramper, Basic Bioreactor Design, Marcel Dekker, New York, (1991)
H.W. Blanch, D.S. Clark, Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker, New York, (1996),
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