The TUNE-UP project aims to establish a predictive and controllable framework for the electrochemical fabrication of titanium oxide (TiOx) nanotube arrays via anodization. By systematically comparing galvanostatic and potentiostatic modes, the project will investigate how key parameters-current density, voltage profiles, electrolyte composition, and post-treatment-govern nanotube formation, morphology, and defect chemistry. Special emphasis will be placed on controlling oxide stoichiometry, structural order, crystallographic phase, and oxygen vacancy concentration, as well as understanding the influence of substrate pre-treatment on growth mechanisms.

Through advanced structural, chemical, and electrochemical characterization, TUNE-UP will establish quantitative structure–property relationships linking anodization conditions with charge transport and interfacial behaviour. The functional potential of optimised nanotube architectures will be validated in two application domains: photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical contaminants under UV-Vis irradiation, and resistive gas sensing of CO and CO2. These complementary pathways ensure both scientific depth and risk mitigation.

The project introduces novelty through advanced electrical parameterisation of anodization, enabling precise control over nanotube properties and performance. Supported by prior expertise, preliminary results, and access to state-of-the-art infrastructure, TUNE-UP is expected to deliver a robust, reproducible, and scalable approach to designing TiO2 nanostructures for environmental monitoring and remediation.