1. komponenta

Lecture type	Total
Lectures	30
Seminar	30

* Load is given in academic hour (1 academic hour = 45 minutes)

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To introduce the basic concepts of color and understand the relationship between the chemical structure of organic compounds and color. Acquire knowledge of the properties, manufacture, uses, and environmental and toxicological aspects of various groups of organic synthetic dyes. To understand the harmful effects of dyes on health and environment and to know protective measures.
COURSE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM:
1. Basic concepts of color. Light and colored substances.
2. Absorption spectrum of dyes. Mixing of additive and substrate colors.
3. Chemical structure of organic compounds and their color. Theories of coloration.
4. Functional groups; chromophores, chromogens, auxochromes.
5. Dye classification and historical development.
6. Natural dyes, preparation and application; environmental impact.
7. Synthetic organic dyes. Classification; chemical and application groups of organic synthetic dyes. Color index.
8. Industrial applicability of dyes, color intensity. Molar extinction coefficient 9. Spectrophotometric determination of dyes, Lamber-Beer law 10. Environmental impact of dye production and application. Dyed effluents; processing technologies. 11. Organic dyes and the directive REACH. Safety data sheets. Safety measures. Health effects and control of dyed materials. Oeko-Tex standard.
12. Toxicological properties of organic dyes; acute toxicity, irritation, hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity. Metabolism of azo dyes.
13. Methods of synthesis of intermediates and organic dyes; nitration and sulfonation and halogenation; environmental aspects.
14. Alkylation, acylation and phosgenation; environmental aspects.
15. Synthesis of azo dyes; diazotization and azo copulation. Synthesis of reactive dyes. Ecological aspects.
PREREQUISITES FOR COURSE ENROLLMENT:
Organic Chemistry, Introduction to Environmental Engineering

PREREQUISITES FOR WITH COURSE THE:
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DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES FROM STUDENTS:
Knowledge of organic synthetic dyes, properties and applications of different groups of dyes, manufacture and ecological and toxicological aspects. Skills in solving environmental protection and health problems arising from the manufacture and use of organic dyes and pigments.
STUDENT OBLIGATIONS TEACHING AND THEIR PERFORMANCE:
Regular attendance in lectures and seminars. Active participation in discussions and case analysis. Preparation and presentation of a seminar paper - team work. Discussion.
TEACHING METHODS:
Lectures
Seminars
Consultations as and when required.
METHOD OF EXAM OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXAM:
Two partial exams, written examination.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF COURSES:
Student survey.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Describe the relationship between chemical structure and color of a substance using color theories
2. Estimate the problems caused by the presence of dyes in the environment and recommend possible solutions.
3. Justify legal and safety requirements for dyes in terms of their properties and the way they are used.
4. argue the environmental and toxicological aspects of different chemical and application groups of dyes.
5. Critically evaluate the ecological aspects of the synthesis processes of intermediates and organic dyes.

LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE LEVEL OF THE PROGRAM TO WHICH THE COURSE CONTRIBUTES:
1. Integrate the acquired knowledge in the protection, control and monitoring of the environment as well as improvement and environmental management
2. Develop awareness and implementation of preventive measures in environmental protection
3. Define simple problems in the field of environmental engineering in order to solve them.

1. Nastavni materijali dostupni na stranicama kolegija, https://www.fkit.unizg.hr/predmet/obzo, A. Lončarić Božić, M. Kovačić,
2. Color Chemistry,, H. Zollinger, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1987.
3. Industrial Dyes, K. Hunger, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002.
4. Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments, A. Reife, H.S. Freeman, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 1996.

Izborna grupa - Regular studij - Environmental Engineering